The Transparent Conductive Films (TCF) industry has recently experienced sluggish growth.
The industry has transitioned from being supply-limited to being commoditised and demand-limited with supply outstripping demand.
This is a commonplace characteristic of the `supply industry into consumer electronic devices: there is often a scramble for supplies as demand rapidly takes off but the industry soon over-invests, the capacity overshoots demand, and competition renders the component a commodity.
Faced with the threat of alternatives and increased supply, the incumbents decided to protect their market share by slashing their prices.
They were willing to reduce prices every time they sensed they were about to lose business. This caused a precipitous fall in film price from $30-$35 per square metre only a few years ago to now $15-$17 per square metre.
This has upended the previously more-for-less value proposition of some alternative technologies.
As predicted in the IDTechEx report, Transparent Conductive Films 2016-2026: Forecasts, Markets, Technologies, this has triggered a consolidation period, adversely affecting existing Information Technology Outsourcing (ITO) film manufacturers as well as alternative suppliers.
This process has begun to take its high-profile victims but will have likely reached near the end of its usefulness as price falls appear to have largely plateaued.
ITO alternatives are here to stay
The ITO alternative landscape has for long been too technologically crowded. Metal mesh and silver nanowires (despite the recent feedback) have emerged as the leading alternatives.
They have raised the performance bar in the market, and are positioned as sustaining technologies in that they further the performance of TCFs along well-established figures-of-merit.
The challenge has been that the incumbent has proven good enough and thus hard to displace in most existing applications, and therefore alternatives are having to patiently wait for the emergence of new application areas such as large-area touch, flexible applications, and more.
The value chain as well as the business case for many of these applications is finally coming together, opening the door for new TCF technologies. Other alternatives now seek niche markets where their non-traditional figures-of-merit such as ultra-flexibility or stretchability count.
In particular, 3D-shaped touch-sensing surfaces are emerging as a market opportunity for TCF technologies that can be deposited flat and then thermoformed/moulded into a 3D shape.
The return of exciting times
Despite recent setbacks, the report assesses that ITO alternatives are here to stay. They have matured as technologies and have already begun market penetration. Specific companies may come and go but the technologies will achieve market growth after a healthy period of valuation correction.
Indeed, the IDTechEx report projects that ITO alternatives will sell more than US$220m in 2026 based on the latest and our projected film prices, thus achieving a 10-year CAGR of nearly 40 per cent.
The research firm anticipates that nearly 65 per cent of the growth will stem from applications which today make up only three per cent of overall TCF/G sales.
These figures point to an industry that is on the cusp of major change. Established application areas will only experience small and incremental changes both in terms of sales and technology compositions.
In fact, the three primary well-established applications are projected to register a measly 2.8 per cent 10-year CAGR.
This does not herald good news for the incumbent suppliers.
In contrast, today’s nascent applications areas are projected to achieve an exciting 42 per cent 10-year CAGR.